Materials, Chemistry, and Bio-based Substrates

Cement, steel, glass, mass timber, hempcrete, mycelium, lime, and the chemistry of binders, finishes, and coatings as they bear on recovery.

The first entries in this section test a useful tension: bio-based origin is not the same as circular performance. Hemp-lime and mycelium composites can both replace more carbon-intensive products in the right assembly, but their claims depend on binder chemistry, moisture control, coatings, code pathway, documentation, and end-of-life handling.