Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring (CAC)
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Low-radiation cardiac CT producing an Agatston score that quantifies calcified plaque in the coronary arteries — the cleanest single imaging biomarker for cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic adults over 40. The MESA cohort defines age-and-sex risk-percentile cutpoints; a score of zero is a strong negative predictor, a score above 100 reshapes the lipid-management strategy.